Macromastia

Macromastia refers to excessively large breasts that can cause a range of physical and emotional symptoms. It commonly results from genetic factors, hormonal influences, or weight changes and may lead to back and neck pain, shoulder grooving from bra straps, skin irritation beneath the breast fold, reduced ability to exercise, posture problems, and psychological or social distress.

Evaluation usually involves a clinical history and physical examination to assess symptoms and functional limitation; conservative measures such as supportive garments, physiotherapy, pain management, and weight control may provide some relief but are often insufficient for severe cases. Surgical breast reduction (reduction mammaplasty) can remove excess tissue and skin, reshape the breast, and reposition the nipple; like any surgery it carries risks including scarring, changes in nipple sensation, potential impact on breastfeeding, asymmetry, and the possible need for revision, so careful preoperative counselling and postoperative planning are important.